Greg's Setting up a new FreeBSD system

Install FreeBSD from a recent ISO image onto a disk with a root partition the same size as the destination disk. Don't install X, since it can install dependencies that are out of date, and don't install ports.

Mount /src, which contains the FreeBSD sources, and start building the latest version of FreeBSD:

Upgrade to latest version of FreeBSD with

# mkdir /src
# mount dereel:/src /src
# cd /usr
# mv src src.local    # just in case
# ln -s /src/FreeBSD/svn/stable/8 src
# cd src
# make buildworld
# make kernel
# make installworld

Meanwhile, install Ports Collection. It's big enough that we can't have it on the root file system, so we use symlinks, smoke and mirrors:

# mkdir -p /home
# ln -s /src/CVS/FreeBSD/ncvs /home
# export CVSROOT=/home/ncvs
# cd /home
# cvs co ports
# ln -s /src/FreeBSD/ports/distfiles /home/ports     point to tarballs on dereel
# mv /usr/ports /usr/ports.orig      # or remove them
# ln -s /home/ports /usr

When CVS goes away:

# cd /src/FreeBSD
# find ports -name work -type d|xargs rm -rf
# mv ports/distfiles .
# tar cf - ports | (cd /usr && tar xvf -)
# mv distfiles ports

Create a file /etc/make.conf with the contents:

MASTER_SITE_OVERRIDE=ftp://ftp.au.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/distfiles/${DIST_SUBDIR}/
XXX think about groff fonts (/usr/share/groff/devps)

ensure that the RCS files are checked in on the old system:

# /home/Sysconfig/scripts/ciRCS      check in RCS files (on old system)

Then, on the new system:

# ln -s /src/Sysconfig/mysystem /home/Sysconfig

Once the new kernel is up and running, build ports:

# cd /home/Sysconfig/scripts # make ports

Update files in $DESTDIR/etc:

# cd $DESTDIR/etc
# rcsdiff -wu RCS/* 2>/dev/null | less

Fix any conflicts.

Special cases:

aliases: Try just adding stuff at the end. Maybe it'll DTRT.
crontab: Merge new stuff if you want.
dumpdates: Should be empty in the distro. Replace with local file, but beware if the file system hierarchy is changing.

fstab:

Check the entries for / and any other file systems on the install disk.
Comment out /compat mount point in /etc/fstab. We need to install Linux compatability first.

Then check in the updated version of /etc/fstab: Afterwards you should see:

--- fstab       2005/07/08 15:31:01     1.22
+++ fstab       2005/07/11 03:17:28
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # $Id: newsystem-newdisk.php,v 1.3 2011/02/08 01:05:06 grog Exp grog $
 # Device               Mountpoint      FStype  Options         Dump    Pass#
 /dev/ad0s2b            none            swap    sw              0       0
-/dev/ad0s2a            /               ufs     rw              1       1
+/dev/ad0s1a            /               ufs     rw              1       1
 /dev/ad0s3h            /home           ufs     rw              1       2
 echunga:/cdrom         /cdrom          nfs     ro,noauto       0       0
 proc                   /proc           procfs  rw              0       0
@@ -10,13 +10,13 @@
 echunga:/              /echunga        nfs     rw              0       0
 echunga:/home          /echunga/home   nfs     rw              0       0
 echunga:/src           /src            nfs     rw              0       0
-linproc                        /compat/linux/proc  linprocfs   rw      0       0
+# linproc                      /compat/linux/proc  linprocfs   rw      0       0
 /dev/ad2h              /dumpa          ufs     rw              0       2
 /dev/ad3s1h            /dumpb          ufs     rw              0       2
 echunga:/dump          /dump           nfs     rw              0       0
 # blackwater:/         /wantadilla     nfs     rw              0       0
 # blackwater:/home     /wantadilla/home  nfs   rw              0       0
 # blackwater:/dumpa    /dumpa          nfs     rw              0       0
-/dev/ad0s1a            /destdir        ufs     rw              2       2
+/dev/ad0s2a            /destdir        ufs     rw              2       2
 teevee:/               /teevee         nfs     rw,noauto       0       0
 teevee:/spool          /teevee/spool   nfs     rw,noauto       0       0

group: Add new groups. The existing ones probably don't need change.
inetd.conf: Add new entries and check any differences for the existing ones.
master.passwd: Careful comparison. Probably this is just a matter of adding new userids, but things like home directories and shells could change for the system userids. Note that if you change master.passwd, you'll have to regenerate /etc/passwd after rebooting to the new system.
Note the alternative of building the password file at boot time
printcap: Check, but you can probably keep the local one unchanged.
rc.conf: make sure that host name and IP don't conflict with any other system in the network. This won't happen if you're upgrading a system, but it could if you're cloning.
resolv.conf: Keep old version.
shells: Keep new version. It'll get updated by the shell installs if needed.
syslog.conf: Merge.

After /etc, check out the remaining RCS files:

# /home/Sysconfig/scripts/installRCS -f create new RCS hierarchy
# cd /
# /home/Sysconfig/scripts/coRCS

If the root shell is in the Ports Collection, install it now, or make sure that there's a root user with Bourne shell in the password file. Normally toor will do that. To install the shell,
```
# /home/Sysconfig/scripts/installport /usr/ports/shells/bash2
```
Don't install any other ports at this stage: the ports database gets put in the wrong place.
Update databases:
```
# pwd_mkdb -p $DESTDIR/etc $DESTDIR/etc/master.passwd
# newaliases
```
This currently doesn't work: it claims cross-device links and crap. Do it after rebooting, but make sure that you will be able to log in.

Check out any files missing in /etc:

# rcsdiff -wu RCS/* 2>&1 >/dev/null | grep "No such file"

For each file, decide what to do. A brute force method is:

# rcsdiff -wu RCS/* 2>&1 >/dev/null | grep "No such file"|sed 's/rcsdiff:/co -M /; s/:.*//'|sh

For the last time, check in the current RCS-controlled files:
```
# /home/Sysconfig/scripts/ciRCS
```

Create the RCS links, and check out those which won't be in the way:

# cd /home/Sysconfig/MasterRCS
# .  ../scripts/linkRCS
# .  ../scripts/coRCS

Make mount points for file systems in /etc/fstab:
```
# .  mkmounts
```
Reboot.

Reinstalling ports

Current kludge, in /home/Sysconfig:

awk < installed-ports '{printf ("cd %s; %s %s %s %s %s %s %s %s\n", $7, $8, $9, $10, $11, \
$12, $13, $15, $15); }'|uniq > installports
mailme sh installports

After rebooting

This is all wrong. To be fixed.

If you've changed your /home file system, copy it from the original now.
Copy the directories in /var that you need: Probably: backups log crash postfix rwho spool/postfix spool/lpd Probably not: db run tmp
XXX everything below here is from an earlier attempt, and most of it is wrong. It's left for comparison purposes only.
Set up DNS for the new machine.
Install a system from the latest CD-ROM, including bash and emacs.

Mount the local NFS server,

# rm -rf /usr/src
# ln -s /src/FreeBSD/5-CURRENT-WANTADILLA /usr

mergemaster -p
make buildworld
Create a config file. Involves creating a symlink from src/sys/i386/conf to /src/FreeBSD/configfiles/RCS, then check out and change the name. Don't forget to check in before building the kernel.
make kernel, reboot.
make installworkd
Copy /etc/RCS/* to new system.

# cd /etc
# mv group group.orig
# mv master.passwd master.passwd.orig
# co group master.passwd shells
# diff -wu group group.orig
Merge differences, notably new groups
# diff -wu master.passwd master.passwd.orig
Merge differences, notably new users
# pwd_mkdb -p /etc/master.passwd
# (cd /usr/ports/shells/bash2; make install)
# (cd /usr/ports/editors/emacs21; make install)
# co ntpd.conf
# cp -p /usr/share/zoneinfo/Australia/Adelaide localtime

R=/wantadilla               remote system name
cp $R/root/.bashrc $R/root/.bash_profile  $R/root/.emacs ~root
(cd $R; tar cf - usr/local/share/abbreviations usr/share/syscons/keymaps/au.emacs.kbd ) \
   | tar xvf -
cp -p /wantadilla/usr/local/share/emacs/site-lisp/* /usr/local/share/emacs/site-lisp

Run mergemaster again:

rm -rf /var/tmp/temproot/
find /var/tmp/temproot/|xargs chflags noschg
rm -rf /var/tmp/temproot/
# cd /ETC
# cp -p master.passwd group shells    /etc
# pwd_mkdb /etc/
# cd /usr
# mv src src.local
# ln -s /src/FreeBSD/5-CURRENT-ADELAIDE/src
# mailme mergemaster -ia

Maintain a list of the currently installed packages in ~/packages. To make it,

pkg_info > /var/tmp/packages

Edit out the ones you don't want (including any you don't know: they're probably dependencies). Then:

sed <packages 's:-[0-9].*$: \\; Make install:; s:^:echo cd /usr/ports/*/:' | sh >~/packages

This will give something like this:

cd /usr/ports/graphics/ImageMagick ; Make install
cd /usr/ports/x11/XFree86 ; Make install
cd /usr/ports/distfiles/acroread /usr/ports/print/acroread ; Make install
cd /usr/ports/*/apache ; Make install
cd /usr/ports/french/aspell /usr/ports/german/aspell /usr/ports/portuguese/aspell /usr/ports/russian/aspell /usr/ports/textproc/aspell /usr/ports/ukrainian/aspell ; Make install
cd /usr/ports/audio/audacity ; Make install
cd /usr/ports/*/bash ; Make install
cd /usr/ports/sysutils/cdrtools ; Make install
cd /usr/ports/misc/cpuid ; Make install
cd /usr/ports/devel/cscope ; Make install
cd /usr/ports/net/cvsup ; Make install
cd /usr/ports/textproc/docbook ; Make install
cd /usr/ports/textproc/docbook-xml ; Make install
cd /usr/ports/textproc/docbook-xsl ; Make install
cd /usr/ports/textproc/docproj ; Make install
cd /usr/ports/textproc/dsssl-docbook-modular ; Make install
cd /usr/ports/editors/emacs ; Make install
cd /usr/ports/audio/esound ; Make install
cd /usr/ports/net/ethereal ; Make install
cd /usr/ports/distfiles/exim /usr/ports/mail/exim ; Make install
cd /usr/ports/mail/fetchmail ; Make install
cd /usr/ports/misc/figlet ; Make install
cd /usr/ports/print/freetype2 ; Make install
cd /usr/ports/www/galeon ; Make install
cd /usr/ports/print/ghostscript-gnu ; Make install
cd /usr/ports/print/ghostview ; Make install
cd /usr/ports/*/gimp ; Make install
cd /usr/ports/finance/gnucash ; Make install
cd /usr/ports/security/gnupg ; Make install
cd /usr/ports/audio/gramofile ; Make install
cd /usr/ports/audio/grip ; Make install
cd /usr/ports/print/gv ; Make install
cd /usr/ports/french/ispell /usr/ports/german/ispell /usr/ports/hungarian/ispell /usr/ports/textproc/ispell ; Make install
cd /usr/ports/textproc/jade ; Make install
cd /usr/ports/*/kdebase ; Make install
cd /usr/ports/audio/lame ; Make install
cd /usr/ports/chinese/links /usr/ports/www/links ; Make install
cd /usr/ports/multimedia/linux-realplayer ; Make install
cd /usr/ports/emulators/linux_base ; Make install
cd /usr/ports/*/mplayer-gtk ; Make install
cd /usr/ports/chinese/mutt /usr/ports/distfiles/mutt /usr/ports/japanese/mutt /usr/ports/mail/mutt ; Make install
cd /usr/ports/distfiles/openoffice /usr/ports/editors/openoffice /usr/ports/french/openoffice /usr/ports/german/openoffice /usr/ports/japanese/openoffice /usr/ports/korean/openoffice /usr/ports/portuguese/openoffice /usr/ports/russian/openoffice ; Make install
cd /usr/ports/*/perl ; Make install
cd /usr/ports/sysutils/portupgrade ; Make install
cd /usr/ports/distfiles/postfix /usr/ports/mail/postfix ; Make install
cd /usr/ports/distfiles/postgresql /usr/ports/japanese/postgresql ; Make install
cd /usr/ports/mail/procmail ; Make install
cd /usr/ports/net/rsync ; Make install
cd /usr/ports/japanese/samba /usr/ports/net/samba ; Make install
cd /usr/ports/audio/sweep ; Make install
cd /usr/ports/mail/sylpheed ; Make install
cd /usr/ports/www/tidy
cd /usr/ports/converters/unix2dos ; Make install
cd /usr/ports/archivers/unzip /usr/ports/korean/unzip ; Make install
cd /usr/ports/textproc/urlview ; Make install
cd /usr/ports/x11-servers/x2x ; Make install
cd /usr/ports/sysutils/x86info ; Make install
cd /usr/ports/x11-clocks/xalarm ; Make install
cd /usr/ports/sysutils/xcpustate ; Make install
cd /usr/ports/astro/xearth ; Make install
cd /usr/ports/astro/xephem ; Make install
cd /usr/ports/sysutils/xmbmon ; Make install
cd /usr/ports/audio/xmixer ; Make install
cd /usr/ports/chinese/xmms /usr/ports/multimedia/xmms ; Make install
cd /usr/ports/chinese/xpdf /usr/ports/graphics/xpdf /usr/ports/japanese/xpdf ; Make install
cd /usr/ports/sysutils/xsysstats ; Make install
cd /usr/ports/x11/xtset ; Make install
cd /usr/ports/distfiles/xv /usr/ports/graphics/xv /usr/ports/japanese/xv ; Make install
cd /usr/ports/archivers/zip ; Make install

You need the space before the ; character so that the wild card expansion works correctly. Where more than one occurs, you need to work out which one is correct and remove the rest. Where a * remains, you need to go looking for the port.

Finally,

.  ~/packages